24.4 Submandibular region |
| Introduction |
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This region lies deep to the body of the mandible , and is also called the suprahyoid region.
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Contents
The main contents in this region include:-
- submandibular and sublingual glands
- lingual nerve and vessels
- hypoglossal nerve
- submandibular ganglion
- suprahyoid muscles (digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid and geniohyoid)
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| submandibular gland |
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Consists of a large superficial part and a small deep part which are Continous with one another around the free posterior margin of mylohyoid.
Position
- Deep to and extending below body of mandible
- Found in submandibular triangle
- Extends to carotid triangle
- Between two bellies of digastric muscle
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| Surfaces and relations |
Superficial part has three surfaces:
Medial surface |
Inferior or superficial surface: |
Lateral Surface |
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- Mylohyoid, and hyoglossus muscles,
- Lingual nerve,
- Hypoglossal nerve
- Facial artery
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- Skin, Platysma, Investing fascia
- facial vein
- cervical and marginal mandibular branches of facial nerve
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- Body of mandible
- Medial pterygoid
- Facial artery
- Masseter
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| The deep part extends forwards for a variable distance between the mylohyoid and hyoglosus, below the lingual nerve and above the hypoglossal nerve. |
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| Submandibular duct of Wharton |
Course
- Emerges from the superficial part of the gland near the posterior border of mylohyoid.
- Runs with the deep part forwards and slightly upwards
- Between the mylohyoid and hyoglossus
- Between sublingual gland and genioglossus muscle~
- Lies on hyoglossus
- Crossed laterally by the lingual nerve
Termination
- Floor of the mouth on the sublingual papilla beside the frenulum of the tongue
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| Blood supply |
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- Submandibular branches of facial artery and corresponding veins
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| Lymph drainage |
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| Submandibular lymph nodes |
| Nerve supply |
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 Parasympathetic
- Preganglionic fibres superior salivary nucleus in the pons
- Nervous intermedius, chorda tympani and lingual nerve.
- Submandibular ganglion
- Postganglionic fibres are direct to the gland
Sympathetic (vasoconstrictor) fibres come from the plexus around the facial artery.
General sensory: Lingual nerve |
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| Sublingual gland |
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Position
- In the submandibular region beneath the mucosa of the floor of the mouth
- Occupies the sublingual fova
- Above mylohyoid nerve
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Relations
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Superior:
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Medial : |
Lateral |
Anterior |
Posterior |
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- Genio glossus muscle
- Submandibular duct
- Lingual nerve
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- Mandible
- Inferior
- Mylohyoid nerve
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- Genioglossus muscle
- Its fellow
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- Deep part of submandibular gland
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| Blood supply |
- Sublingual artery- lingual
- Submental artery- facial
- Veins correspond to the arteries
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| Lymphatic drainage |
- Submandibular nodes
- Submental nodes
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| Innervation |
See submandibular gland |
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